Maxay miirayaasha hawada si weyn loo isticmaalay?

Waqtigan xaadirka ah, waxaa jira 2532 shirkadood oo soo saaraya hawada hawada miiqyada qalabka dalka oo dhan, oo rubuc ka mid ah ay dhisteen shantii sano ee la soo dhaafay. Sanadihii la soo dhaafay, heerka dhacdada kansarka sanbabada ayaa kor u kacay sababao ay sabab u tahay wasakhowga hawada, jawiga hawada, iyo kor u kaca isdabamarinta dadka sigaarka. Welwelka shacabka iyo walaac ku saabsan halista qarsoon ee ay sababaan wasakheynta deegaanka ayaa horseeday koror joogto ah oo ku saabsan wacyiga deegaanka ee dadka oo dhan. Xaqiiqdii, dhacdo soo noqnoqota ee haze tobankii sano ee la soo dhaafay ayaa sidoo kale horseeday in la hormariyo horumarinta degdegga ah ee warshadaha shaandhadda hawada ee sanadihii la soo dhaafay. Iyada oo la raacayo horumarka joogtada ah ee teknolojiyadda warshadaha, saxnaanta dadka iyo nadaafadda warshadaha ayaa sidoo kale si joogto ah u soo fiicnaanaya. Sidaa darteed, miirayaasha hawada ayaa sidoo kale badanaa loo isticmaalaa wax soo saarka warshadaha. Waxaan wada ognahay inuu jiro ciid fara badan oo laga joojiyay hawada, oo aan lagu qaban karin isha qaawan. Sidaa darteed, kama qaban karno boodhkan iyada oo loo marayo hababka guud ee nadaafadda, laakiin xaalado badan, boorsooyinkan ayaa badanaa saameyn gaar ah ku leh howlahooda. Tusaale ahaan, haddii boodhku hawada ku dhaco qaybaha wareega ee mashiinka, waxay dardargelin doontaa xirashada qaybaha wareega, yareynta sax ahaanta iyo nolosha mashiinka. Boorka ku faafa aqoon-isweydaarsiga ayaa yareyn kara aragtida, waxay saameyn ku yeelan kartaa aragga, howlgalada xanaanada, iyo wax soo saarka shaqaalaha hoose. Isticmaalka shaandhaynta hawada ee wax soo saarka warshadaha ayaa hawada ku daahiri karta hawada ku jirta boodhka hoose waxayna ku dirtaa gudaha si loo hubiyo shuruudaha qolalka nadiifka ah iyo nadaafadda hawada ee qolalka guud ee qaboojinta. Waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa warshadaha microronics, warshadaha rinjiyeynta, warshadaha cuntada iyo cabitaanka, warshadaha basaasilada, iyo wixii la mid ah.

Ujeedada shaandhaynta hawada waa in la helo hawo nadiif ah oo buuxisa heerarka. Guud ahaan, shaandhaynta hawo-mareenka waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu qabqabo oo ay ka kooban tahay walxaha qaybaha ee cabirrada kaladuwan ee hawada, hagaajinta tayada hawada. Miirayaasha kiimikada ma aha oo keliya boodhka adsorb laakiin sidoo kale ur.
Intaa waxaa sii dheer, iyadoo la kordhiyo baahida sii kordheysa ee kahortagga deegaanka ee shirkadaha shirkadaha, waxaa jira shuruudo adag oo adag oo wasakhowga hawada. Qiimaha qiiqa qulqulaya ee warshadaha, shuruuda adag ayaa ah sunta. Qaar ka mid ah biraha culus sida merbury, sunta arsenic, chromium, beryllium, iwm. Marka laga hadlayo sunta hawada, Mareykanka iyo Jarmalka ayaa meel mariyey sharci cusub oo adag. Ka dib hirgelinta sharci cusub, xadka sunta hawada ayaa laga yareeyay tan asalka ah ee 20mg / m3 (heerka) ilaa 010004mg / m3 (heerka). Si loo gaaro yoolkan, warshadda ayaa u baahan miirayaasha sareeya si ay uga saaraan walxaha suuxinta.